wing

機(jī)翼的基本構(gòu)成為：翼肋、翼梁、前緣后緣、副翼、蒙板等。

The basic composition of a wing is: ribs, beams, leading and trailing edges, ailerons, masks, etc.

對(duì)激光雕刻機(jī)切割出的部件進(jìn)行處理，主要是打磨碳層（由于激光高溫灼燒木材而產(chǎn)生），打磨時(shí)要保持方向一致，用力均勻，然后將各部件用適量膠水拼接。之后用安特固等膠水將碳片粘接在打磨好的梁條上，進(jìn)行貼梁步驟。其次按順序?qū)⒁砝叻胖糜谔幚砗玫囊砹荷希瑓⒖记熬壓缶夁M(jìn)行定位（注意機(jī)翼整體的受力，邊做邊觀察機(jī)翼的變形狀況）。骨架搭建完成之后進(jìn)行蒙板的粘接。副翼的制作與此類同。更后進(jìn)行蒙皮，蒙皮就是在機(jī)翼外部包裹一層熱縮薄膜，蒙皮的直接功用是形成流線型的機(jī)翼外表面。此外蒙皮還參與機(jī)翼的總體受力——它和翼梁或翼墻組合在一起，形成封閉的盒式薄壁結(jié)構(gòu)承受機(jī)翼的扭矩。蒙蒙皮溫度應(yīng)在110°到115°之間，收緊蒙皮的溫度應(yīng)在130°到140°之間。

Firstly, the components cut by the laser engraving machine are processed, mainly by polishing the carbon layer (generated by laser high-temperature burning of wood). When polishing, the direction should be consistent, and the force should be uniform. Then, the various components are spliced with an appropriate amount of glue. Afterwards, use adhesive such as ANTEGU to bond the carbon sheet onto the polished beam strip and proceed with the beam bonding process. Next, place the wing ribs on the prepared wing beam in sequence and position them with reference to the leading and trailing edges (pay attention to the overall force on the wing and observe the deformation of the wing while doing so). After the skeleton construction is completed, the bonding of the mask is carried out. The production of ailerons is the same as this type. Finally, skin covering is to wrap a layer of heat shrinkable film on the outer surface of the wing. The direct function of the skin is to form a streamline outer surface of the wing. In addition, the skin also participates in the overall force of the wing - it is combined with the wing beam or wing wall to form a closed box shaped thin-walled structure that bears the torque of the wing. The temperature of the mask should be between 110 ° and 115 °, and the temperature for tightening the skin should be between 130 ° and 140 °.

機(jī)身

fuselage

機(jī)身類型眾多，根據(jù)材料分為木材、EPP、EPA發(fā)泡這類的材料、KT泡沫板以及碳桿機(jī)身。

There are many types of fuselage, which can be divided into wood, EPP, EPA foam, KT foam board and carbon rod fuselage.

一般航模制作使用木板。將切割出來的機(jī)身部件上的碳層打磨干凈，斜撐等細(xì)小零件也需要認(rèn)真打磨。然后按照設(shè)計(jì)的位置用502膠水、安特固等進(jìn)行粘合拼接，碳桿與碳桿之間還需用工程線或凱夫拉線纏繞加固。機(jī)身拼接過程中需要時(shí)時(shí)刻刻注意力度，防止機(jī)身變形，導(dǎo)致受力不均勻。

Generally, wooden boards are used for the production of aircraft models. Grind the carbon layer on the cut fuselage parts clean, and the small parts such as slant support also need to be carefully polished. Then use 502 glue, Antegu, etc. for bonding and splicing according to the designed position, and use engineering lines or Kev stay wires to wind and reinforce between carbon poles. During the splicing process of the fuselage, it is necessary to always pay attention to the strength to prevent deformation of the fuselage and uneven stress. Finally, perform skinning.

垂平尾

Vertical tail

垂平尾包括垂直安定面、方向舵、水平安定面、升降舵。

Vertical tail includes vertical stabilizer, rudder, horizontal stabilizer and elevator.

平尾一般呈水平狀左右對(duì)稱地布置在飛機(jī)尾部。其前半部通常是固定的，稱為水平安定面。后半部鉸接在安定面的后面，可操縱上下偏轉(zhuǎn)，稱為升降舵。垂直尾翼布置在飛機(jī)軸線上部，與平尾相同，垂尾翼面的前半部分通常是固定的，稱垂直安定面。后半部分鉸接在垂直安定面后部，可操縱偏轉(zhuǎn)，稱為方向舵。垂平尾制作過程與機(jī)翼的制作過程一致。

The flat tail is generally arranged horizontally and symmetrically at the rear of the aircraft. The front half is usually fixed and is called a horizontal stabilizer. The rear half is hinged behind the stabilizer, which can control up and down deflection, called elevator. The vertical tail is arranged above the aircraft axis and is the same as the flat tail. The front half of the vertical tail is usually fixed and is called the vertical stabilizer. The rear half is hinged to the rear of the vertical stabilizer and can be manipulated for deflection, known as the rudder. The production process of the vertical tail is consistent with that of the wing.

電子器材的安裝以及飛機(jī)整體安裝

Installation of electronic equipment and overall installation of aircraft

機(jī)頭部位安裝合適型號(hào)的電機(jī)（電動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)）及螺旋槳，在左右兩翼對(duì)稱部位安裝舵機(jī)并用連桿連接舵機(jī)以及副翼。垂平尾上各安裝一個(gè)舵機(jī)，分別控制方向舵、升降舵。機(jī)身上電子器件需要與接收機(jī)、電子調(diào)速器進(jìn)行連接。航模隊(duì)使用的是日本手（右手油門)遙控器，各部位舵機(jī)需要延長(zhǎng)線與接收器連接，關(guān)于連接方法我們平時(shí)有個(gè)小口訣“左一右六、二升降三油門四方向”，即左副翼舵機(jī)連接一號(hào)通道，右副翼舵機(jī)連接六號(hào)通道，以此類推。將飛機(jī)機(jī)翼、機(jī)身、垂平尾用插銷連接成一個(gè)整體。之后連接電源進(jìn)行一系列調(diào)試。

Install a suitable model of motor (electric engine) and propeller at the nose, and install a steering gear at the symmetrical parts of the left and right wings, connecting the steering gear and ailerons with connecting rods. A steering gear is installed on the vertical tail to control the rudder and elevator respectively. The electronic components on the body need to be connected to the receiver and electronic governor. The aircraft model team uses a Japanese hand (right-hand throttle) remote control, and each part of the servo needs an extension cable to connect to the receiver. We usually have a small formula for the connection method, which is "left one right six, two lifting three throttle four directions", that is, the left aileron servo is connected to channel 1, the right aileron servo is connected to channel 6, and so on. Connect the wings, fuselage, and vertical tail of the aircraft into a whole with bolts. Afterwards, connect the power supply for a series of debugging.

飛機(jī)制作看似步驟簡(jiǎn)單，操作便捷，實(shí)際上每架飛機(jī)制作方法都各有特點(diǎn)，上述僅僅是冰山一角，真正制作飛機(jī)會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)很多問題，這些問題需要一定的經(jīng)驗(yàn)積累以及創(chuàng)新。

Aircraft production may seem simple and easy to operate, but in fact, each aircraft production method has its own characteristics. The above is just the tip of the iceberg. Real aircraft production will discover many problems, and solving these problems requires a certain amount of experience accumulation and innovation.